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ltc2370 -16 1 237016fa 16-bit, 2msps, pseudo- differential unipolar sar adc with 94db snr typical application features description the ltc ? 2370-16 is a low noise, low power, high speed 16-bit successive approximation register (sar) adc. operating from a 2.5v supply, the ltc2370-16 has a 0v to v ref pseudo-differential unipolar input range with v ref ranging from 2.5v to 5.1v. the ltc2370-16 consumes only 19mw and achieves 0.85lsb inl maximum, no missing codes at 16 bits with 94db snr. the ltc2370-16 has a high speed spi-compatible serial interface that supports 1.8v, 2.5v, 3.3v and 5v logic while also featuring a daisy-chain mode. the fast 2msps through - put with no cycle latency makes the ltc2370-16 ideally suited for a wide variety of high speed applications. an internal oscillator sets the conversion time, easing external timing considerations. the ltc2370-16 automatically pow - ers down between conversions, leading to reduced power dissipation that scales with the sampling rate. 32k point fft f s = 2msps, f in = 2khz applications n 2msps throughput rate n 0.85lsb inl (max) n guaranteed 16-bit no missing codes n low power: 19mw at 2msps, 19w at 2ksps n 94db snr (typ) at f in = 2khz n C 112db thd (typ) at f in = 2khz n guaranteed operation to 125c n 2.5v supply n pseudo-differential unipolar input range: 0v to v ref n v ref input range from 2.5v to 5.1v n no pipeline delay, no cycle latency n 1.8v to 5v i/o voltages n spi-compatible serial i/o with daisy-chain mode n internal conversion clock n 16-lead msop and 4mm 3mm dfn packages n medical imaging n high speed data acquisition n portable or compact instrumentation n industrial process control n low power battery-operated instrumentation n ate l , lt, ltc, ltm, linear technology and the linear logo are registered trademarks and softspan is a trademark of linear technology corporation. all other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. protected by u.s. patents, including 7705765. 5.1 v ref 0v 10nf ? + sample clock 237016 ta01a 10f 0.1f 2.5v ref 1.8v to 5v 2.5v to 5.1v 47f (x5r, 0805 size) ref gnd chain rdl/sdi sdo sck busy cnv ltc2370-16 lt ? 6202 v dd ov dd in + in ? frequency (khz) 0 100 200 300 400 800 900 1000 700600500 ?180 amplitude (dbfs) ?60 ?40 ?20 ?80 ?100 ?120 ?140 ?160 0 237016 ta01b snr = 94db thd = ?112db sinad = 93.9db sfdr = 117db
ltc2370 -16 2 237016fa pin configuration absolute maximum ratings supply voltage (v dd ) ............................................... 2.8v supply voltage (ov dd ) ................................................ 6v reference input (ref) ................................................. 6v analog input voltage (note 3) in + , in C ......................... (gnd C 0.3v) to (ref + 0.3v) digital input voltage (note 3) .......................... (gnd C 0.3v) to (ov dd + 0.3v) digital output voltage (note 3) .......................... (gnd C 0.3v) to (ov dd + 0.3v) (notes 1, 2) 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 17 gnd 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 gnd ov dd sdo sck rdl/sdi busy gnd cnv chain v dd gnd in + in ? gnd ref ref top view de package 16-lead (4mm 3mm) plastic dfn t jmax = 150c, v ja = 40c/w exposed pad (pin 17) is gnd, must be soldered to pcb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 chain v dd gnd in + in ? gnd ref ref 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 gnd ov dd sdo sck rdl/sdi busy gnd cnv top view ms package 16-lead plastic msop t jmax = 150c, v ja = 110c/w order information lead free finish tape and reel part marking* package description temperature range ltc2370cms-16#pbf ltc2370cms-16#trpbf 237016 16-lead plastic msop 0c to 70c ltc2370ims-16#pbf ltc2370ims-16#trpbf 237016 16-lead plastic msop C40c to 85c ltc2370hms-16#pbf ltc2370hms-16#trpbf 237016 16-lead plastic msop C40c to 125c ltc2370cde-16#pbf ltc2370cde-16#trpbf 23706 16-lead (4mm w 3mm) plastic dfn 0c to 70c ltc2370ide-16#pbf ltc2370ide-16#trpbf 23706 16-lead (4mm w 3mm) plastic dfn C40c to 85c consult ltc marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *the temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. consult ltc marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. for more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ for more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ power dissipation .............................................. 500mw operating temperature range ltc2370c ................................................ 0c to 70c ltc2370i ............................................. C40c to 85c ltc2370h .......................................... C40c to 125c storage temperature range .................. C65c to 150c
ltc2370 -16 3 237016fa dynamic accuracy symbol parameter conditions min typ max units sinad signal-to-(noise + distortion) ratio f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v l 90.6 93.9 db f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v, (h-grade) l 89.6 93.9 db snr signal-to-noise ratio f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v f in = 2khz, v ref = 2.5v l l 91.1 86 94 89.5 db db f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v, (h-grade) f in = 2khz, v ref = 2.5v, (h-grade) l l 90 85 94 89.5 db db thd total harmonic distortion f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v f in = 2khz, v ref = 2.5v l l C112 C112 C100 C96 db db sfdr spurious free dynamic range f in = 2khz, v ref = 5v l 100 113 db C3db input bandwidth 34 mhz aperture delay 500 ps aperture jitter 4 ps transient response full-scale step 165 ns the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c and a in = C1dbfs. (notes 4, 8) electrical characteristics symbol parameter conditions min typ max units v in + absolute input range (in + ) (note 5) l C0.1 v ref + 0.1 v v in C absolute input range (in C ) (note 5) l C0.1 0.1 v v in + C v in C input differential voltage range v in = v in + C v in C l 0 v ref v i in analog input leakage current l 1 a c in analog input capacitance sample mode hold mode 45 5 pf pf cmrr input common mode rejection ratio f in = 1mhz 77 db the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4) converter characteristics symbol parameter conditions min typ max units resolution l 16 bits no missing codes l 16 bits transition noise 0.5 lsb rms inl integral linearity error (note 6) l C0.85 0.25 0.85 lsb dnl differential linearity error l C0.5 0.1 0.5 lsb zse zero-scale error (note 7) l C4 0 4 lsb zero-scale error drift 0.02 lsb/c fse full-scale error (note 7) l C20 4 20 lsb full-scale error drift 1 ppm/c the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4)
ltc2370 -16 4 237016fa adc timing characteristics symbol parameter conditions min typ max units f smpl maximum sampling frequency l 2 msps t conv conversion time l 278 322 ns t acq acquisition time t acq = t cyc C t conv C t busylh (note 10) l 165 ns t cyc time between conversions l 500 ns t cnvh cnv high time l 20 ns t busylh cnv to busy delay c l = 20pf l 13 ns t cnvl minimum low time for cnv (note 11) l 20 ns t quiet sck quiet time from cnv (note 10) l 10 ns t sck sck period (notes 11, 12) l 10 ns t sckh sck high time l 4 ns the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4) power requirements symbol parameter conditions min typ max units v dd supply voltage l 2.375 2.5 2.625 v ov dd supply voltage l 1.71 5.25 v i vdd i ovdd i pd i pd supply current supply current power down mode power down mode 2msps sample rate 2msps sample rate (c l = 20pf) conversion done (i vdd + i ovdd + i ref , v ref > 2v) conversion done (i vdd + i ovdd + i ref , v ref > 2v, h-grade) l l l 7.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 8.8 90 140 ma ma a a p d power dissipation power down mode power down mode 2msps sample rate conversion done (i vdd + i ovdd + i ref , v ref > 2v) conversion done (i vdd + i ovdd + i ref , v ref > 2v, h-grade) 19 2.25 2.25 22 225 315 mw w w the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4) reference input symbol parameter conditions min typ max units v ref reference voltage (note 5) l 2.5 5.1 v i ref reference input current (note 9) l 1.1 1.3 ma the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4) digital inputs and digital outputs symbol parameter conditions min typ max units v ih high level input voltage l 0.8 ? ov dd v v il low level input voltage l 0.2 ? ov dd v i in digital input current v in = 0v to ov dd l C10 10 a c in digital input capacitance 5 pf v oh high level output voltage i o = C500a l ov dd C 0.2 v v ol low level output voltage i o = 500a l 0.2 v i oz hi-z output leakage current v out = 0v to ov dd l C10 10 a i source output source current v out = 0v C10 ma i sink output sink current v out = ov dd 10 ma the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4)
ltc2370 -16 5 237016fa adc timing characteristics the l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at t a = 25c. (note 4) symbol parameter conditions min typ max units t sckl sck low time l 4 ns t ssdisck sdi setup time from sck (note 11) l 4 ns t hsdisck sdi hold time from sck (note 11) l 1 ns t sckch sck period in chain mode t sckch = t ssdisck + t dsdo (note 11) l 13.5 ns t dsdo sdo data valid delay from sck c l = 20pf (note 11) l 9.5 ns t hsdo sdo data remains valid delay from sck c l = 20pf (note 10) l 1 ns t dsdobusyl sdo data valid delay from busy c l = 20pf (note 10) l 5 ns t en bus enable time after rdl (note 11) l 16 ns t dis bus relinquish time after rdl (note 11) l 13 ns note 1: stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. exposure to any absolute maximum rating condition for extended periods may effect device reliability and lifetime. note 2: all voltage values are with respect to ground. note 3: when these pin voltages are taken below ground or above ref or ov dd , they will be clamped by internal diodes. this product can handle input currents up to 100ma below ground or above ref or ov dd without latch-up. note 4: v dd = 2.5v, ov dd = 2.5v, ref = 5v, f smpl = 2mhz. note 5: recommended operating conditions. note 6: integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. the deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band. note 7: zero-scale error is the offset voltage measured from 0.5lsb when the output code flickers between 0000 0000 0000 0000 and 0000 0000 0000 0001. full-scale error is the deviation of the last code transition from ideal and includes the effect of offset error. note 8: all specifications in db are referred to a full-scale 5v input with a 5v reference voltage. note 9: f smpl = 2mhz, i ref varies proportionately with sample rate. note 10: guaranteed by design, not subject to test. note 11: parameter tested and guaranteed at ov dd = 1.71v, ov dd = 2.5v and ov dd = 5.25v. note 12: t sck of 10ns maximum allows a shift clock frequency up to 100mhz for rising capture. figure 1. voltage levels for timing specifications 0.8*ov dd 0.2*ov dd 50% 50% 237016 f01 0.2*ov dd 0.8*ov dd 0.2*ov dd 0.8*ov dd t delay t width t delay
ltc2370 -16 6 237016fa typical performance characteristics 32k point fft f s = 2msps, f in = 2khz snr, sinad vs input frequency thd, harmonics vs input frequency snr, sinad vs input level, f in = 2khz snr, sinad vs reference voltage, f in = 2khz thd, harmonics vs reference voltage, f in = 2khz integral nonlinearity vs output code differential nonlinearity vs output code dc histogram t a = 25c, v dd = 2.5v, ov dd = 2.5v, ref = 5v, f smpl = 2msps, unless otherwise noted. output code 0 16384 32768 49152 65536 ?1.0 inl error (lsb) 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 ?0.2 ?0.4 ?0.8 ?0.6 1.0 237016 g01 output code ?0.5 dnl error (lsb) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 ?0.4 ?0.3 ?0.2 ?0.1 0.5 237016 g02 0 16384 32768 49152 65536 frequency (khz) 0 100 200 300 400 800 900 1000 700600500 ?180 amplitude (dbfs) ?60 ?40 ?20 ?80 ?100 ?120 ?140 ?160 0 237016 g04 snr = 94db thd = ?112db sinad = 93.9db sfdr = 117db frequency (khz) 0 70 snr, sinad (dbfs) 75 80 85 90 50 100 150 200 237016 g05 95 100 snr 25 75 125 175 sinad frequency (khz) 0 ?160 harmonics, thd (dbfs) ?150 ?130 ?120 ?110 ?60 ?90 50 100 125 237016 g06 ?140 ?80 ?70 ?100 25 75 150 175 200 thd 2nd 3rd input level (db) ?40 93.0 snr, sinad (dbfs) 93.5 94.0 94.5 sinad 95.0 ?30 ?20 ?10 0 237016 g07 snr reference voltage (v) 2.5 93 94 95 snr sinad 4.5 237016 g08 92 91 3 3.5 4 5 90 89 snr, sinad (dbfs) reference voltage (v) 2.5 harmonics, thd (dbfs) ?120 ?110 thd 3rd ?100 4.5 237016 g09 ?130 ?140 ?125 ?115 ?105 ?135 ?145 ?150 3 3.5 4 5 2nd code 32676 0 counts 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 32677 32678 237016 g03 80000 90000 100000 = 0.5 10000 32679 32680
ltc2370 -16 7 237016fa snr, sinad vs temperature, f in = 2khz thd, harmonics vs temperature, f in = 2khz typical performance characteristics supply current vs temperature shutdown current vs temperature cmrr vs input frequency reference current vs reference voltage inl/dnl vs temperature full-scale error vs temperature offset error vs temperature t a = 25c, v dd = 2.5v, ov dd = 2.5v, ref = 5v, f smpl = 2msps, unless otherwise noted. temperature (c) power-down current (a) 45 40 35 30 237016 g16 0 5 10 15 20 25 ?55 ?35 ?15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 i vdd + i ovdd + i ref temperature (c) ?55 snr, sinad (dbfs) 93.0 93.5 94.0 105 237016 g10 92.5 92.0 ?15 25 65 ?35 125 5 45 85 95.0 94.5 snr sinad temperature (c) ?55 ?140 harmonics, thd (dbfs) ?130 ?135 ?120 ?115 ?110 ?100 thd ?35 45 85 237016 g11 ?125 ?105 25 125 ?15 5 65 105 2nd 3rd temperature (c) ?55 ?1.0 inl/dnl error (lsb) ?0.5 0 0.5 1.0 ?35 ?15 5 25 237016 g12 45 65 85 105 125 max inl max dnl min dnl min inl temperature (c) ?55 power supply current (ma) 4 5 6 105 237016 g15 3 2 0 ?15 25 65 ?35 125 5 45 85 1 8 7 i vdd i ref i ovdd frequency (khz) 0 200 400 600 1000 800 70 cmrr (db) 85 80 75 100 95 90 237016 g17 reference voltage (v) 2.5 0 reference current (ma) 0.4 3.5 4.5 5 1.2 237016 g18 0.2 3 4 0.6 0.8 1.0 temperature (c) ?55 ?15 full-scale error (lsb) ?10 0 5 10 15 ?15 25 45 125 237016 g13 ?5 ?35 5 65 85 105 temperature (c) ?55 offset error (lsb) ?4 ?2 2 0 ?15 25 45 125 237016 g14 ?35 5 65 85 105 4 ?3 1 ?1 3
ltc2370 -16 8 237016fa chain (pin 1): chain mode selector pin. when low, the ltc2370-16 operates in normal mode and the rdl/sdi input pin functions to enable or disable sdo. when high, the ltc2370-16 operates in chain mode and the rdl/sdi pin functions as sdi, the daisy-chain serial data input. logic levels are determined by ov dd . v dd (pin 2): 2.5v power supply. the range of v dd is 2.375v to 2.625v. bypass v dd to gnd with a 10f ceramic capacitor. gnd (pins 3, 6, 10 and 16): ground. in + (pin 4): analog input. in + operates differential with respect to in C with an in + -in C range of 0v to v ref . in C (pin 5): analog ground sense. in C has an input range of 100mv with respect to gnd and must be tied to the ground plane or a remote ground sense. ref (pins 7, 8): reference inputs. the range of ref is 2.5v to 5.1v. this pin is referred to the gnd pin and should be decoupled closely to the pin with a 47f ceramic capacitor (x5r, 0805 size). cnv (pin 9): convert input. a rising edge on this input powers up the part and initiates a new conversion. logic levels are determined by ov dd . busy (pin 11): busy indicator. goes high at the start of a new conversion and returns low when the conversion has finished. logic levels are determined by ov dd . rdl/sdi (pin 12): when chain is low, the part is in nor - mal mode and the pin is treated as a bus enabling input. when chain is high, the part is in chain mode and the pin is treated as a serial data input pin where data from another adc in the daisy chain is input. logic levels are determined by ov dd . sck (pin 13): serial data clock input. when sdo is enabled, the conversion result or daisy-chain data from another adc is shifted out on the rising edges of this clock msb first. logic levels are determined by ov dd . sdo (pin 14): serial data output. the conversion result or daisy-chain data is output on this pin on each rising edge of sck msb first. the output data is in straight binary format. logic levels are determined by ov dd . ov dd (pin 15): i/o interface digital power. the range of ov dd is 1.71v to 5.25v. this supply is nominally set to the same supply as the host interface (1.8v, 2.5v, 3.3v, or 5v). bypass ov dd to gnd with a 0.1f capacitor. gnd (exposed pad pin 17, dfn package only): ground. exposed pad must be soldered directly to the ground plane. pin functions
ltc2370 -16 9 237016fa functional block diagram timing diagram conversion timing using the serial interface ref = 5v in + v dd = 2.5v ov dd = 1.8v to 5v in ? chain cnv gnd busy sdo sck rdl/sdi control logic 16-bit sampling adc spi port + ? 237016 bd power-down and acquire convert d15 d14 d13 d12 d11 d10 d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 sdo sck cnv chain, rdl/sdi = 0 busy 237016 td01
ltc2370 -16 10 237016fa overview the ltc2370-16 is a low noise, low power, high speed 16-bit successive approximation register (sar) adc. operating from a single 2.5v supply, the ltc2370-16 supports a 0v to v ref pseudo-differential unipolar input range with v ref ranging from 2.5v to 5.1v, making it ideal for high performance applications which require a wide dynamic range. the ltc2370-16 achieves 0.85lsb inl max, no missing codes at 16 bits and 94db snr. fast 2msps throughput with no cycle latency makes the ltc2370-16 ideally suited for a wide variety of high speed applications. an internal oscillator sets the conversion time, easing external timing considerations. the ltc2370-16 dissipates only 19mw at 2msps, while an auto power-down feature is provided to further reduce power dissipation during inactive periods. converter operation the ltc2370-16 operates in two phases. during the ac - quisition phase, the charge redistribution capacitor d/a converter (cdac) is connected to the in + and in C pins to sample the pseudo-differential analog input voltage. a ris- ing edge on the cnv pin initiates a conversion. during the conversion phase, the 16-bit cdac is sequenced through a successive approximation algorithm, effectively comparing the sampled input with binary-weighted fractions of the reference voltage (e.g. v ref /2, v ref /4 v ref /65536) using the differential comparator. at the end of conversion, the cdac output approximates the sampled analog input. the adc control logic then prepares the 16-bit digital output code for serial transfer. transfer function the ltc2370-16 digitizes the full-scale voltage of ref into 2 16 levels, resulting in an lsb size of 76v with ref = 5v. the ideal transfer function is shown in figure?2. the output data is in straight binary format. applications information figure 2. ltc2370-16 transfer function figure 3. the equivalent circuit for the differential analog input of the ltc2370-16 analog input the analog inputs of the ltc2370-16 are pseudo-differential in order to reduce any unwanted signal that is common to both inputs. the analog inputs can be modeled by the equivalent circuit shown in figure 3. the diodes at the input provide esd protection. in the acquisition phase, each input sees approximately 45pf (c in ) from the sampling cdac in series with 40 (r on ) from the on-resistance of the sampling switch. the in + input draws a current spike while charging the c in capacitor during acquisition. during conversion, the analog inputs draw only a small leakage current. input voltage (v) 0v output code 237016 f02 111...111 111...110 111...101 111...100 000...001 000...000 000...010 000...011 1 lsb unipolar zero fs ? 1lsb 1lsb = fs/65536 r on 40 c in 45pf r on 40 ref ref c in 45pf in + in ? bias voltage 237016 f03
ltc2370 -16 11 237016fa applications information input drive circuits a low impedance source can directly drive the high im - pedance input of the ltc2370-16 without gain error. a high impedance source should be buffered to minimize settling time during acquisition and to optimize the dis - tortion performance of the adc. minimizing settling time is important even for dc inputs, because the adc input draws a current spike when entering acquisition. for best performance, a buffer amplifier should be used to drive the analog input of the ltc2370-16. the ampli - fier provides low output impedance, which produces fast settling of the analog signal during the acquisition phase. it also provides isolation between the signal source and the current spike the adc input draws. input filtering the noise and distortion of the buffer amplifier and signal source must be considered since they add to the adc noise and distortion. noisy input signals should be filtered prior to the buffer amplifier input with an appropriate filter to minimize noise. the simple 1-pole rc lowpass filter (lpf1) shown in figure 4 is sufficient for many applications. high quality capacitors and resistors should be used in the rc filters since these components can add distortion. npo and silver mica type dielectric capacitors have excellent linearity. carbon surface mount resistors can generate distortion from self heating and from damage that may occur during soldering. metal film surface mount resistors are much less susceptible to both problems. pseudo-differential unipolar inputs for most applications, we recommend the low power lt6202 adc driver to drive the ltc2370-16. with a low noise density of 1.9nv/ hz and a low supply current of 3ma, the lt6202 is flexible and may be configured to convert signals of various amplitudes to the 0v to 5v input range of the ltc2370-16. to achieve the full distortion performance of the ltc2370 - 16, a low distortion single-ended signal source driven through the lt6202 configured as a unity-gain buf - fer as shown in figure 4 can be used to get the full data sheet thd specification of C112db. the lt6202 can also be used to buffer and convert large true bipolar signals which swing below ground to the 0v to 5v input range of the ltc2370-16. figure 5a shows the lt6202 being used to convert a 10v true bipolar signal for use by the ltc2370-16. in this case, the lt6202 is configured as an inverting amplifier stage, which acts to attenuate and level shift the input signal to the 0v to 5v input range of the ltc2370-16. in the inverting configuration, the single-ended input signal source no longer directly drives a high impedance input. the input impedance is instead set by resistor r in . r in must be chosen carefully based on the source impedance of the signal source. higher values of r in tend to degrade both the noise and distortion of the lt6202 and ltc2370-16 as a system. table 1 shows the resulting snr and thd for several values of r in , r1, r2, r3 and r4 in this configuration. figure 5b shows the resulting fft when using the lt6202 as shown in figure 5a. figure 4. input signal chain another filter network consisting of lpf2 should be used between the buffer and adc input to both minimize the noise contribution of the buffer and to help minimize distur - bances reflected into the buffer from sampling transients. long rc time constants at the analog inputs will slow down the settling of the analog inputs. therefore, lpf2 requires a wider bandwidth than lpf1. a buffer amplifier with a low noise density must be selected to minimize degradation of the snr. 5.1 10nf 66nf 50 lpf2 lpf1 bw = 3.2mhz bw = 48khz ltc2370-16 in + in ? 237016 f04 ? + lt6202 v ref 0v
ltc2370 -16 12 237016fa table 1. snr, thd vs r in for 10v input signal r in () r1 () r2 () r3 () r4 () snr (db) thd (db) 2k 499 499 2k 402 93.9 C97.8 10k 2.49k 2.49k 10k 2k 94 C92.9 100k 24.9k 24.9k 100k 20k 92.2 C93.2 applications information adc reference the ltc2370-16 requires an external reference to define its input range. a low noise, low temperature drift refer - ence is critical to achieving the full data sheet performance of the adc. linear technology offers a portfolio of high performance references designed to meet the needs of many applications. with its small size, low power and high accuracy, the ltc6655-5 is particularly well suited for use with the ltc2370-16. the ltc6655-5 offers 0.025% (max) initial accuracy and 2ppm/c (max) temperature coefficient for high precision applications. the ltc6655-5 is fully specified over the h-grade temperature range and complements the extended temperature operation of the ltc2370-16 up to 125c. we recommend bypassing the ltc6655-5 with a 47f ceramic capacitor (x5r, 0805 size) close to the ref pin. the ref pin of the ltc2370-16 draws charge (q conv ) from the 47f bypass capacitor during each conversion cycle. the reference replenishes this charge with a dc current, i ref = q conv /t cyc . the dc current draw of the ref pin, i ref , depends on the sampling rate and output code. if the ltc2370-16 is used to continuously sample a signal at a constant rate, the ltc6655-5 will keep the deviation of the reference voltage over the entire code span to less than 0.5lsbs. when idling, the ref pin on the ltc2370-16 draws only a small leakage current (< 1a). in applications where a burst of samples is taken after idling for long periods as shown in figure 6, i ref quickly goes from approximately 0a to a maximum of 1.3ma at 2msps. this step in dc current draw triggers a transient response in the reference that must be considered since any deviation in the refer - ence output voltage will affect the accuracy of the output figure 6. cnv waveform showing burst sampling figure 5a. lt6202 converting a 10v bipolar signal to a 0v to 5v input signal figure 5b. 32k point fft plot with f in = 2khz for circuit shown in figure 5a ? + 1 3 4 lt6202 r4 402 r1 499 r in 2k r3 2k r2 499 10f 10v ?10v 0v 200pf 200pf v cm = v ref /2 5v 0v 237016 f05a frequency (khz) 0 amplitude (dbfs) ?80 ?60 ?40 1000 800 900 237016 f05b ?100 ?120 ?180 ?160 200 400 600 100 300 500 700 ?140 0 ?20 snr = 93.9db thd = ?97.8db sinad = 91.4db sfdr = 99.6db cnv idle period idle period 237016 f06
ltc2370 -16 13 237016fa applications information code. in applications where the transient response of the reference is important, the fast settling ltc6655-5 refer - ence is also recommended. in applications where power management is critical and the external reference may be powered down, it is rec - ommended that ref is kept greater than 2v in order to guarantee a maximum shutdown current of 140a. in such applications, a schottky diode can be placed between ref and v dd , as shown in figure 7. the rms amplitude of all other frequency components except the first five harmonics and dc. figure 8 shows that the ltc2370-16 achieves a typical snr of 94db at a 2mhz sampling rate with a 2khz input. total harmonic distortion (thd) total harmonic distortion (thd) is the ratio of the rms sum of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself. the out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band between dc and half the sampling frequency (f smpl /2). thd is expressed as: thd = 20log v2 2 + v3 2 + v4 2 ++ v n 2 v1 where v1 is the rms amplitude of the fundamental fre - quency and v2 through v n are the amplitudes of the second through nth harmonics. power considerations the ltc2370-16 provides two power supply pins: the 2.5v power supply (v dd ), and the digital input/output interface power supply (ov dd ). the flexible ov dd supply allows the ltc2370-16 to communicate with any digital logic operating between 1.8v and 5v, including 2.5v and 3.3v systems. figure 8. 32k point fft with f in = 2khz of the ltc2370-16 frequency (khz) 0 100 200 300 400 800 900 1000 700600500 ?180 amplitude (dbfs) ?60 ?40 ?20 ?80 ?100 ?120 ?140 ?160 0 237016 f08 snr = 94db thd = ?112db sinad = 93.9db sfdr = 117db ref 237016 f07 ltc2370-16 v dd figure 7. a schottky diode between ref and v dd maintains ref > 2v for applications where the reference may be powered down dynamic performance fast fourier transform (fft) techniques are used to test the adcs frequency response, distortion and noise at the rated throughput. by applying a low distortion sine wave and analyzing the digital output using an fft algorithm, the adcs spectral content can be examined for frequen - cies outside the fundamental. the ltc2370-16 provides guaranteed tested limits for both ac distortion and noise measurements. signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (sinad) the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (sinad) is the ratio between the rms amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and the rms amplitude of all other frequency components at the a/d output. the output is band-limited to frequencies from above dc and below half the sampling frequency. figure 8 shows that the ltc2370-16 achieves a typical sinad of 93.9db at a 2mhz sampling rate with a 2khz input. signal-to-noise ratio (snr) the signal-to-noise ratio (snr) is the ratio between the rms amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and
ltc2370 -16 14 237016fa applications information power supply sequencing the ltc2370-16 does not have any specific power supply sequencing requirements. care should be taken to adhere to the maximum voltage relationships described in the absolute maximum ratings section. the ltc2370 - 16 has a power-on-reset (por) circuit that will reset the ltc2370-16 at initial power-up or whenever the power supply voltage drops below 1v. once the supply voltage re-enters the nominal supply voltage range, the por will reinitialize the adc. no conversions should be initiated until 20s after a por event to ensure the reinitialization period has ended. any conversions initiated before this time will produce invalid results. timing and control cnv timing the ltc2370-16 conversion is controlled by cnv. a ris - ing edge on cnv will start a conversion and power up the ltc2370-16. once a conversion has been initiated, it cannot be restarted until the conversion is complete. for optimum performance, cnv should be driven by a clean low jitter signal. converter status is indicated by the busy output which remains high while the conversion is in progress. to ensure that no errors occur in the digitized results, any additional transitions on cnv should occur within 40ns from the start of the conversion or after the conversion has been completed. once the conversion has completed, the ltc2370-16 powers down and begins acquiring the input signal. internal conversion clock the ltc2370-16 has an internal clock that is trimmed to achieve a maximum conversion time of 322ns. with a min - imum acquisition time of 165ns, throughput performance of 2msps is guaranteed without any external adjustments. auto power-down the ltc2370-16 automatically powers down after a conversion has been completed and powers up once a new conversion is initiated on the rising edge of cnv. during power down, data from the last conversion can be clocked out. to minimize power dissipation during power down, disable sdo and turn off sck. the auto power-down feature will reduce the power dissipation of the ltc2370-16 as the sampling frequency is reduced. since power is consumed only during a conversion, the ltc2370-16 remains powered down for a larger fraction of the conversion cycle (t cyc ) at lower sample rates, thereby reducing the average power dissipation which scales with the sampling rate as shown in figure 9. digital interface the ltc2370-16 has a serial digital interface. the flexible ov dd supply allows the ltc2370-16 to communicate with any digital logic operating between 1.8v and 5v, including 2.5v and 3.3v systems. the serial output data is clocked out on the sdo pin when an external clock is applied to the sck pin if sdo is enabled. clocking out the data after the conversion will yield the best performance. with a shift clock frequency of at least 100mhz, a 2msps throughput is still achieved. the serial output data changes state on the rising edge of sck and can be captured on the falling edge or next rising edge of sck. d15 remains valid till the first rising edge of sck. the serial interface on the ltc2370-16 is simple and straightforward to use. the following sections describe the operation of the ltc2370-16. several modes are provided depending on whether a single or multiple adcs share the spi bus or are daisy chained. figure 9. power supply current of the ltc2370-16 versus sampling rate sampling rate (khz) 0 power supply current (ma) 4 6 2000 1600 237016 f09 2 0 400 800 1200 8 3 5 1 7 i vdd i ref i ovdd
ltc2370 -16 15 237016fa timing diagrams normal mode, single device when chain = 0, the ltc2370-16 operates in normal mode. in normal mode, rdl/sdi enables or disables the serial data output pin sdo. if rdl/sdi is high, sdo is in high impedance. if rdl/sdi is low, sdo is driven. figure 10 shows a single ltc2370-16 operated in normal mode with chain and rdl/sdi tied to ground. with rdl/sdi grounded, sdo is enabled and the msb(d15) of the new conversion data is available at the falling edge of busy. this is the simplest way to operate the ltc2370-16. figure 10. using a single ltc2370-16 in normal mode 237016 f10 convert convert t acq t acq = t cyc ? t conv ? t busylh power-down and acquire power-down and acquire cnv chain = 0 busy sck sdo rdl/sdi = 0 t busylh t dsdobusyl t sck t hsdo t sckh t quiet t sckl t dsdo t conv t cnvh t cyc t cnvl d15 d14 d13 d1 d0 1 2 3 14 15 16 cnv ltc2370-16 busy convert irq data in digital host clk sdo sck rdl/sdi chain
ltc2370 -16 16 237016fa timing diagrams figure 11. normal mode with multiple devices sharing cnv, sck and sdo normal mode, multiple devices figure 11 shows multiple ltc2370-16 devices operating in normal mode (chain = 0) sharing cnv, sck and sdo. by sharing cnv, sck and sdo, the number of required signals to operate multiple adcs in parallel is reduced. since sdo is shared, the rdl/sdi input of each adc must be used to allow only one ltc2370-16 to drive sdo at a time in order to avoid bus conflicts. as shown in figure 11, the rdl/sdi inputs idle high and are individually brought low to read data out of each device between conversions. when rdl/sdi is brought low, the msb of the selected device is output onto sdo. 237016 f11 d15 a sdo sck cnv busy chain = 0 rdl/sdi b rdl/sdi a d15 b d14 b d1 b d0 b d13 b d14 a d13 a d1 a d0 a hi-z hi-z hi-z t en t hsdo t dsdo t dis t sckl t sckh t cnvl 1 2 3 14 15 16 17 18 19 30 31 32 t sck convert convert t quiet t conv t busylh power-down and acquire power-down and acquire rdl b rdl a convert irq data in digital host clk cnv ltc2370-16 sdo a sck rdl/sdi cnv ltc2370-16 sdo b sck rdl/sdi chain busy chain
ltc2370 -16 17 237016fa timing diagrams chain mode, multiple devices when chain = ov dd , the ltc2370-16 operates in chain mode. in chain mode, sdo is always enabled and rdl/sdi serves as the serial data input pin (sdi) where daisy-chain data output from another adc can be input. this is useful for applications where hardware constraints may limit the number of lines needed to interface to a large number of converters. figure 12 shows an example with two daisy-chained devices. the msb of converter a will appear at sdo of converter b after 16 sck cycles. the msb of converter a is clocked in at the sdi/rdl pin of converter b on the rising edge of the first sck. 237016 f12 d0 a d1 a d14 a d15 a d13 b d14 b d15 b sdo b sdo a = rdl/sdi b rdl/sdi a = 0 d0 b d1 b d13 a d14 a d15 a d0 a d1 a 1 2 3 14 15 16 17 18 30 31 32 t dsdobusyl t ssdisck t hsdisck t busylh t conv t hsdo t dsdo t sckl t sckh t sckch t cnvl t cyc convert convert sck cnv busy chain = ov dd t quiet power-down and acquire power-down and acquire ov dd convert irq data in digital host clk cnv ltc2370-16 busy sdo b sck rdl/sdi cnv ltc2370-16 sdo a sck rdl/sdi chain ov dd chain figure 12. chain mode timing diagram
ltc2370 -16 18 237016fa board layout to obtain the best performance from the ltc2370-16 a printed circuit board is recommended. layout for the printed circuit board (pcb) should ensure the digital and analog signal lines are separated as much as possible. in particular, care should be taken not to run any digital clocks or signals alongside analog signals or underneath the adc. recommended layout the following is an example of a recommended pcb layout. a single solid ground plane is used. bypass capacitors to the supplies are placed as close as possible to the supply pins. low impedance common returns for these bypass capacitors are essential to the low noise operation of the adc. the analog input traces are screened by ground. for more details and information refer to dc1813a, the evaluation kit for the ltc2370-16. partial top silkscreen
ltc2370 -16 19 237016fa board layout partial layer 1 component side partial layer 2 ground plane
ltc2370 -16 20 237016fa board layout partial layer 3 pwr plane partial layer 4 bottom layer
ltc2370 -16 21 237016fa board layout partial schematic of demoboard u6 nc7sz66p5x c13 0.1f 4 1 2 9 cnv sck c20 47f 6.3v 0805 c56 0.1f cnv ref gnd gnd gnd gnd ref v dd v ref 0.8v ref ov dd sck sdo busy rdl/sdi sdo busy rd ltc2370-16 in ? in + 5 4 13 14 11 12 b a 5 3 gnd v cc oe +3.3v r5 49.9 1206 r6 1k u8 nc7sz04p5x u2 nc7svu04p5x u20 ltc6655ahms8-5 u3 nl17sz74 u4 nc7svu04p5x cnvst_33 from cpld clk to cpld c5 0.1f c1 0.1f c11 0.1f shdn gnd gnd out_f gnd gnd 9v to 10v 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 +3.3v +3.3v +3.3v 3 42 5 3 42 5 c2 0.1f r3 33 r2 1k r1 33 +3.3v +3.3v 3 1 4 6 2 8 7 5 r8 33 c3 0.1f r4 33 c4 0.1f v in out_s gnd v cc clr\ q\ cp q d pr\ 3 4 2 5 +3.3v dc590 detect to cpld +3.3v c58 opt u9 nc7sz04p5x c15 0.1f c16 0.1f 3 4 2 5 +3.3v r13 1k r17 2k r10 4.99k u7 24lc025-i/st r11 4.99k r12 4.99k c14 0.1f 6 8 4 237018 bl 5 7 3 2 1 scl sda array eeprom wp a2 a1 a0 v ss v cc 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 j3 dc590 sdo sck cnv 9v to 10v r7 1k r58 ? 10 16 6 3 1 15 7 2 8 jp6 fs 1 2 3 hd1x3-100 opt c7 0.1f c6 10f 6.3v +2.5v c10 0.1f c39 0.01f npo c65 opt 0805 npo r38 opt r35 opt r45 ? c40 opt npo c9 10f 6.3v r16 0 r32 5.1 out1 v + v ? v+ 1 4 ?in1 +in13 5 2 r19 0 r46 ? r31 opt u15 lt6202cs5 r32 0 c42 15pf c55 1f v + v ? c57 0.1f r9 opt c61 10f 6.3v c63 10f 6.3v c43 0.1f r15 opt c18 opt c17 10f jp2 cm e7 ext_cm 1 +2.5v 2 3 v ref/2 ext hd1x3-100 c8 1f c46 1f r40 opt r39 0 1 2 3 coupling ac dc jp1 hd1x3-100 c44 1f c49 opt c48 10f 6.3v c47 opt r41 opt c59 1f c60 0.1f 1 2 3 jp5 hd1x3-100 coupling ac dc db16 db17 39 37 35 33 31 29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 db0 db1 db2 db3 db4 db5 db6 db7 db8 db9 db10 db11 db12 db13 db14 db15 clkout 1 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 j2 con-edge 40-100 clk in j1 j4 j8 r14 0 a in + a in ? ? +
ltc2370 -16 22 237016fa msop (ms16) 1107 rev ? 0.53 0.152 (.021 .006) seating plane 0.18 (.007) 1.10 (.043) max 0.17 ?0.27 (.007 ? .011) typ 0.86 (.034) ref 0.50 (.0197) bsc 16151413121110 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 note: 1. dimensions in millimeter/(inch) 2. drawing not to scale 3. dimension does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.152mm (.006") per side 4. dimension does not include interlead flash or protrusions. interlead flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.152mm (.006") per side 5. lead coplanarity (bottom of leads after forming) shall be 0.102mm (.004") max 0.254 (.010) 0 ? 6 typ detail ?a? detail ?a? gauge plane 5.23 (.206) min 3.20 ? 3.45 (.126 ? .136) 0.889 0.127 (.035 .005) recommended solder pad layout 0.305 0.038 (.0120 .0015) typ 0.50 (.0197) bsc 4.039 0.102 (.159 .004) (note 3) 0.1016 0.0508 (.004 .002) 3.00 0.102 (.118 .004) (note 4) 0.280 0.076 (.011 .003) ref 4.90 0.152 (.193 .006) ms package 16-lead plastic msop (reference ltc dwg # 05-08-1669 rev ?) package description please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings. 3.00 0.10 (2 sides) 4.00 0.10 (2 sides) note: 1. drawing proposed to be made variation of version (wged-3) in jedec package outline mo-229 2. drawing not to scale 3. all dimensions are in millimeters 4. dimensions of exposed pad on bottom of package do not include mold flash. mold flash, if present, shall not exceed 0.15mm on any side 5. exposed pad shall be solder plated 6. shaded area is only a reference for pin 1 location on the top and bottom of package 0.40 0.10 bottom view?exposed pad 1.70 0.10 0.75 0.05 r = 0.115 typ r = 0.05 typ 3.15 ref 1 8 16 9 pin 1 top mark (see note 6) 0.200 ref 0.00 ? 0.05 (de16) dfn 0806 rev ? pin 1 notch r = 0.20 or 0.35 45 chamfer 3.30 0.10 1.70 0.05 3.15 ref recommended solder pad pitch and dimensions apply solder mask to areas that are not soldered 2.20 0.05 0.70 0.05 3.60 0.05 package outline 0.25 0.05 3.30 0.05 0.45 bsc 0.23 0.05 0.45 bsc de package 16-lead plastic dfn (4mm 3mm) (reference ltc dwg # 05-08-1732 rev ?)
ltc2370 -16 23 237016fa information furnished by linear technology corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed for its use. linear technology corporation makes no representa - tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. revision history rev date description page number a 03/12 updated conditions for i pd and p d in power requirements section added figure 7 and associated text updated related parts 4 13 24
ltc2370 -16 24 237016fa linear technology corporation 1630 mccarthy blvd., milpitas, ca 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 fax : (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com ? linear technology corporation 2011 lt 0312 rev a ? printed in usa 1 5 2 3 ltc2370-16 in + ref v dd 2.5v in ? 10nf 47f 5.1 r4 402 r1 499 r in 2k r3 2k r2 3k 10f 200pf 8v 5v lt6202 v + v ? ?3v 237016 ta02 v out_s v out_f v in ltc6655-5 5v 0v 4 ? + 220pf 10v ?10v 0v part number description comments adcs ltc2379-18/ltc2378-18 ltc2377-18/ltc2376-18 18-bit, 1.6msps/1msps/500ksps/250ksps serial, low power adc 2.5v supply, differential input, 101.2db snr, 5v input range, dgc, pin-compatible family in msop-16 and 4mm 3mm dfn-16 packages ltc2380-16/ltc2378-16 ltc2377-16/ltc2376-16 16-bit, 2msps/1msps/500ksps/250ksps serial, low power adc 2.5v supply, differential input, 96.2db snr, 5v input range, dgc, pin-compatible family in msop-16 and 4mm 3mm dfn-16 packages ltc2383-16/ltc2382-16/ ltc2381-16 16-bit, 1msps/500ksps/250ksps serial, low power adc 2.5v supply, differential input, 92db snr, 2.5v input range, pin- compatible family in msop-16 and 4mm 3mm dfn-16 packages ltc2393-16/ltc2392-16/ ltc2391-16 16-bit, 1msps/500ksps/250ksps parallel/serial adc 5v supply, differential input, 94db snr, 4.096v input range, pin- compatible family in 7mm 7mm lqfp-48 and qfn-48 packages LTC2355-14/ltc2356-14 14-bit, 3.5msps serial adc 3.3v supply, 1-channel, unipolar/bipolar, 18mw, msop-10 package dacs ltc2641 16-bit/14-bit/12-bit single serial v out dacs 1lsb inl/dnl, msop-8 package, 0v to 5v output ltc2630 12-bit/10-bit/8-bit single v out dacs sc70 6-pin package, internal reference, 1lsb inl (12 bits) references ltc6655 precision low drift low noise buffered reference 5v/2.5v, 5ppm/c, 0.25ppm peak-to-peak noise, msop-8 package ltc6652 precision low drift low noise buffered reference 5v/2.5v, 5ppm/c, 2.1ppm peak-to-peak noise, msop-8 package amplifiers lt6202/lt6203 single/dual 100mhz rail-to-rail input/output noise low power amplifiers 1.9nvhz, 3ma maximum, 100mhz gain bandwidth lt6200/lt6200-5/ lt6200-10 165mhz/800mhz/1.6ghz op amp with unity gain/av = 5/av = 10 low noise voltage: 0.95nv/ hz (100khz), low distortion: C80db at 1mhz, tsot23-6 package lt6360 low noise sar adc driver with true zero output low noise integrated charge pump related parts typical application lt6202 converting a 10v bipolar signal to a 0v to 5v input signal into the ltc2370-16

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